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Let us learn about the comparison between artiodactyla and perissodactyla.
Comparison # Artiodactyls:
1. Horns:
Usually present. May be hollow or solid, located on frontal bone.
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2. Digits:
Third and fourth digits are larger and bear hoofs. The axis of the limb pass hoofed. The axis of the limb passes between the Nos. 3 and 4 digits (Paraxonic condition).
3. Femur:
Third trochanter is absent.
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4. Talus:
Has a flat surface.
5. Fibula:
Usually articulates with the calcaneum.
6. Nasals:
Not expanded posteriorly.
7. Alisphenoid canal:
Absent.
8. Dorsolumbar vertebrae:
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19
9. Odontoid process:
Spout-like.
10. Incisors:
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General tendency of suppression of upper incisors.
11. Canines:
May form tusks.
12. Premolars:
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Not molarised.
13. First milk molar:
Not replaced.
14. Molars:
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Hypsodont.
15. Stomach:
Complicated by forming different chambers.
16. Intestine:
Short
17. Caecum:
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Small
18. Gall-bladder:
Present
19. Mammae:
Inguinal or abdominal
20. Placenta:
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Diffuse or cotyledonary
Examples:
Sus, Camelus, Bos Capra , ovis , Axis axis.
Comparison # Perissodactyla:
1. Horns:
Mostly absent.
2. Digits:
Only the third digit is stout and down the third digit (Mesaxonic condition)
3. Femur:
Third trochanter is present.
4. Talus:
Does not articulate with the calcaneum.
5. Fibula:
Expanded posteriorly
6. Nasals:
Present
7. Alisphenoid canal:
Present
8. Dorsolumbar vertebrae:
More than 22
9. Odontoid process:
Peg-like.
10. Incisors:
Present and used for cropping.
11. Canines:
May be reduced or absent.
12. Premolars:
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Resemble the molars.
13. First milk molar:
Replaced
14. Molars:
Bunodont and low crowned
15. Stomach:
Simple
16. Intestine:
Long
17. Cacum:
Large and sacculated
18. Mammae:
Diffuse
Example:
Equus zebra, Tapirus Rhinocerous Equae hemionus.
