The below mentioned article provides notes on immune system. Immune Response: Any foreign protein, toxin of parasites, bacteria and viruses, when enter into the body, they interfere with host physiological processes and produce harmful effects. The "Chemical defense" mechanism of host organism that operates against such effects of parasites and others is called immune reaction or immune response. Immunology: The [...]
In this article we will discuss about the primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Primary Lymphoid Organs: In primary lymphoid organs, immature lymphocytes differentiate to mature ones into an antigen sensitive lymphocytes and after maturation, lymphocytes migrate to secondary lymphoid organs. These are of two types: (a) Bone marrow (b) Thymus (a) Bone Marrow: It is the main lymphoid organ, where [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure of an antibody molecule with the help of a suitable diagram. Also learn about its types. Antibody is a type of protein molecule produced by B-lymphocytes in response to pathogens. T-cells do not secrete antibodies directly however, they help B-cells to produce them. Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains. Out [...]