Specific defense mechanism is the ability of the body to develop immunity against specific pathogens, toxins or foreign things. This is possible by a special immune system that produces antibodies and/or activated lymphocytes that attack and destroy specific invading organisms or toxins. Specific defense mechanisms are also referred to as adaptive or acquired immunity (Table 1). Organisms that possess an [...]
Organ and tissue transplantation is an important treatment procedure. The tissue or organ transplanted is called a transplant or graft. The organism from which the transplant is taken is called a donor, while the individual on whom it is done is called a recipient. Antigens present in the RBC are also found widely in other cells of the body. Apart [...]
The term acclimatisation means the adjustment of the human body to suit the climate at a higher altitude. When the ascent is slow and to a moderate height (between 3000 and 4250 metres or 10,000 & 14,200 feet) as in mountaineering, various compensatory process are mobilised to combat the injurious effect and the subject is ultimately adapted to the rarefied [...]