The following points highlight the four main types of lichen thallus. The types are: 1. Crustose (Crustaceous) Lichens 2. Foliose (Foliaceous) Lichens 3. Fruticose Lichens 4. Squamulose Lichens. Type # 1. Crustose (Crustaceous) Lichens: The thallus is of insignificant size. It is flat, thin usually without any distinct lobes. It is just like a thin layer or crust closely attached [...]
In this article we will discuss about the economic importance of rust fungi. The order included a group of some 4,500 species of highly specialized and economically most important internal parasites which attack higher plants and sometimes the ferns. They are economically important because majority of them cause disease of cereals and other crops resulting in enormous losses. In spite [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Sphacelotheca 2. Symptoms of the Smut Caused by Sphacelotheca 3. Mycelium 4. Reproduction. Introduction to Sphacelotheca: Sphacelotheca causes smut of Sorghum (Jowar). In India, three species of the genus attack Jowar plants causing serious diseases. The grain smut or covered smut of Jowar is caused by S. sorghi, the loose [...]