List of Antimicrobics and its Uses | Microbiology

Here is a list of Antimicrobics (antibiotics) and its uses.

(i) Penicillin G:

Is used against Gram positive bacterial infections, streptococcal sore throat, gonorrhea and syphilis.

(ii) Ampicillin:

Is used against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, middle ear infections, urinary tract infections cause by Enterococcus faecalis and infections caused by Escherichia coli.

(iii) Methicillin:

It is used against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, penicilliase producing Staphylococcus aureus infections.

(iv) Cephalosporin’s:

Are used against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, urinary tract and other infections due to Escherichia coli, middle ear infections and meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenza.

(v) Streptomycin:

Used against Gram negative bacterial infections, bubonic plague and tularemia.

(vi) Neomycin:

Used against Gram negative bacterial infections. Used as topical ointment for general cuts and abrasions of the skin.

(vii) Chloramphenicol:

Is used against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenza or Veisseria meningitidis and typhoid fever.

(viii) Tetracycline:

Effective against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, pneumonia due to Mycoplasma, in nongonococcal urinary tract infections.

(ix) Bacitracin:

Is used against Gram positive bacterial infections, tropical ointment for general cuts and abrasions of the skin.

(x) Erythromycin:

Is used against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, whooping cough, diphtheria, diarrhoea, caused by Campylobacter. It is also effective against pneumonia caused by Legionella or mycoplasma.

(xi) Rifampicin:

Is used in Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections, tuberculosis and Hansen disease (leprosy).

(xii) Nystatin:

Is used against yeast infections and Candida albicans infections of skin and vagina.

(xiii) Griseofulvin:

Is used against ringworm of hair and nails.

(xiv) Amphotericin B:

Is used in systemic mycosis, histoplasmosis and cryptococcal meningitis.

(xv) Flucytosine:

Is used against candidiasis, cryptococcosis and aspergillosis.

(xvi) Ketoconazole:

Is used in candidiasis, fungal skin infections and some systemic mycosis.

(xvii) Pentamidine:

Is used against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the African sleeping sickness (protozoal).

(xviii) Metronidazole:

Is used in the infections caused by Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis.

(xix) Zidovudine:

Is used against HIV infections.

(xx) Amantidine:

Is used against influenza type A infections.

(xxi) Acyclovir:

Is used against herpesvirus in herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus infections.