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The below mentioned article provides a short note on Enterobius Vermicularis (Pin Worm or Seat Worm).
Morphology of Enterobius Vermicularis (Pin Worm or Seat Worm):
The adult worm (Fig. 109.30, 31) is small, white, and similar to a small piece of thread. Posterior end of male has spicules, papillae, (Fig. 109.32, 33). Anterior end has cervical alae (Fig. 109.34).
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Life Cycle of Enterobius Vermicularis (Pin Worm or Seat Worm):
When the fully embryonated eggs (Fig. 109.35) infective to man, are ingested by man, they hatch out the larvae in the intestine which grow into adult worms which crawl out of the anus during the night and deposit eggs on the perianal skin. The mode of transmission is by anus to mouth (auto-infection).
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Clinical Features of erobius Vermicularis (Pin Worm or Seat Worm):
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Absorbed metabolites may cause a characteristic helminthic toxaemia. Gravid females, migrating out of the anus, may oviposit on the peri-anal and perineal skin of the anus and cause severe pruritus with severe scratching which is characteristic of this infection.
Sometimes, it may enter the female genital tract causing salpingitis and at last encyst in the peritoneal cavities. There may be urethritis, nocturnal enuresis (frequency of micturition) and masturbation. Loss of appetite, loss of weight, nervousness, insomnia, nightmare, nail biting, nose picking and grinding of teeth at night.
Laboratory Dagnosis can be performed by:
(1) The identification of the recovered adult worm; and
(2) The microscopic demonstration of the characteristic egg. Copulatory spicules at posterior end of male (Fig. 109.32, 33), double bulb oesophagus (Fig. 109.34) at anterior end of the adult worm.
Treatment of Enterobius Vermicularis (Pin Worm or Seat Worm):
Piperazine adipate, thiobendazole, mebendazole and albendazole are effective anthelmintic drugs.
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Prophylaxis:
(1) Personal hygiene should be strictly observed,
(2) The clothes and garments of patients should be sterilised by boiling,
(3) Finger nails should be cut short and thoroughly cleaned several times each day,
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(4) Toilet seats should be regularly scrubbed and sterilised,
(5) If cleanliness is inadequate, chemotherapeutics should be provided.
