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The following points highlight the nineteen main components of gynoecium in a flower. Some of the components are: 1. Parts of a Typical Gynoecium 2. Monocarpellary 3. Apocarpous 4. Syncarpous 5. Bicarpellary 6. Tricarpellary 7. Tetracarpellary 8. Pentacarpellary 9. Multicarpellary 10. Pistillode 11. Locule and Loculi 12. Unilocular 13. Bilocular 14. Trilocular 15. Multilocular 16. Replum and a few others.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 1. Parts of a Typical Gynoecium:
Terminal pollen- receptive part called stigma; median sterile part called style and basal, ovule-bearing part called ovary.
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Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 2. Monocarpellary:
Gynoecium consisting of a single carpel, e.g., Leguminosae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 3. Apocarpous:
When carpels are free, e.g., Ranunculaceae.
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Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 4. Syncarpous:
When carpels are united or fused to form one compound gynoecium, e.g., Solanaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 5. Bicarpellary:
When two carpels are present, e.g., Solanaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 6. Tricarpellary:
When three carpels are present, e.g., Liliaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 7. Tetracarpellary:
When four carpels are present, e.g., Datura stramonium.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 8. Pentacarpellary:
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When five carpels are present, e.g., Meliaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 9. Multicarpellary:
When numerous carpels are present, e.g., Malvaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 10. Pistillode:
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A sterile carpel which lacks any ovule, as in Moraceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 11. Locule and Loculi:
The ovary is hollow from inside and encloses a chamber called locule (Fig 86), or chambers called loculi.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 12. Unilocular:
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One – chambered ovary, e.g., Stellaria.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 13. Bilocular:
Two – chambered ovary, e.g., Acanthaceae (Fig. 86).
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Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 14. Trilocular:
Three – chambered ovary, e.g., Liliaceae (Fig. 86).
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 15. Multilocular:
Many – chambered ovary, e.g., Malvaceae.
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 16. Replum:
False septum, as in Cruciferae.
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Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 17. Hypogynous and Superior:
When the gynoecium is borne at the top of the thalamus, and the other floral parts, like androecium, petals and sepals arise below the gynoecium, the condition is called hypogynous and the ovary is called superior (Fig. 87).
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 18. Epigynous and Inferior:
When the sepals, petals and androecium arise above the gynoecium, the condition is called epigynous and the ovary is called inferior (Fig. 87).
Gynoecium in a Flower: Component # 19. Perigynous and Semi-inferior:
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When sepals, petals and androecium are arranged around the carpel, the condition is called perigynous and the ovary is called semi-inferior.
