Groups that Represent Bacterial Diversity | Microbiology

Some of the important groups that represent bacterial diversity are as follows:-

(1) Spirochetes (e.g., Treponema pallidum and Borrelia recurrentis)

(2) Aerobic/microaerophilic, motile, helical/vibroid gram negative bacteria (e.g., Spirillum volutans, Aquaspirillum Bengal, Campylobacter, Helicobacter pylori, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus)

(3) Non-motile or rarely motile Gram negative curved bacteria (e.g., Cyclobacterium, Ancyclobacter and Brachyarchus)

(4) Gram negative aerobic/microaerophilic rods and cocci (e.g., Pseudomonas, acetic acid producing Acetobacter, Gluconobacter and Frateuria, nitrogen fixing Azotobacter Chroococcum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhizobium, methylotrophic bacteria Methylomonas, Methylococcus and Methylobacterium, bacteria of water bodies Legionella intracellular Neisseria gonorrhoeae)

(5) Facultative anaerobic Gram negative rods (e.g., enteric bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Serratia marcescens, cholera causing Vibrio cholerae, luminescent Photobacterium)

(6) Gram negative anaerobic, straight curved and helical bacteria (e.g., Haloanaerobium that prefers 13% NaCl, Halobacterioides that prefers 8.5.to 14% NaCl, Thermosipho and Thermotoga that prefer 1-3% and 3-6% NaCl respectively)

(7) Dissimilatory sulphate reducing and sulphur reducing bacteria (e.g. Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans)

(8) Anaerobic Gram negative cocci (e.g., Veillonella found in saliva, tongue, cheek, mucosa and gingival crevice of human oral cavity)

(9) Rickettsias and Chlamydia

(10) Phototrophic bacteria that are of two types: Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (e.g., purple sulphur bacterium Chromatium, green sulphur bacterium Chlorobium) and Oxygenic phototrophic bacteria (e.g., cyanobacteria Chroococcus, Spirulina, Lyngbya, Nostoc and Anabaena)

(11) Aerobic chemolithotrophic bacteria which are: Hydrogen oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Alcaligenes eutrophus), colourless sulphur-oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Achromatium, Thiobacterium, Thiospira and Thiobacillus), iron oxidized and manganese oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Gallionella) magnetotactic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria (e.g, Nitrococcus and Nirobacter)

(12) Budding and appandaged bacteria (e.g., Caulobacter crescentus, Hyphomicrobium and Panktomyces Maris)

(13) Sheathed bacteria (e.g., Leptothrix discophora)

(14) Bacteria with gliding mobility, which may be photosynthetic nonfruiting gliding bacteria (e.g., Cytophaga and Simonsiella); fruiting gliding bacteria (e.g., myxobactenum Stigmatella)

(15) Gram positive cocci (e.g., Deinococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae)

(16) Endospore forming Gram positive rods and cocci (e.g., Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens)

(17) Asporogenous Gram positive rods, which are regular nonspore forming Gram positive rods (e.g., Lactobacillus, Listeria and Renibacterium) irregular nonspore forming Gram positive rods (e.g., Arthrobacter globiformis)

(18) Mycobacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. Bovis and M. leprae)

(19) Actinomycetes (e.g., Streptomyces and Planomonospora); myco-plasmas (mollicutes) or the cell wall-less bacteria (e.g., Mycoplasma pneumonia, M. hominis and Spiroplasma).